In a significant development, Apple has confirmed that Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) are no longer operational on iOS devices across Europe. This change, attributed to the recent implementation of the European Union’s Digital Markets Act (DMA), marks a notable shift in Apple’s approach to web applications on its platform.
Understanding the impact of the Digital Markets Act
The root cause of this change lies in the DMA’s stipulations, which call for Apple to support browsers that don’t depend on its WebKit architecture. This has led to a functional downgrade of web apps, designed to provide an experience akin to native applications, complete with features such as dedicated windowing and persistent local storage. For you, as a European user, attempting to access these apps will now redirect you to a prompt, offering a choice to open in Safari or cancel the action. This reduces these apps to simple web shortcuts, potentially causing data loss and disrupting notifications.
Diverse perspectives on Apple’s decision
Apple’s rationale for disabling these web apps centres on the challenges associated with incorporating alternative browser engines into iOS. According to the company, creating a new integration architecture to address the associated security and privacy concerns was not feasible, especially given the DMA’s other demands and the relatively low user adoption of Home Screen web apps.
Conversely, the Open Web Advocacy organisation contests Apple’s reasoning. They argue that Apple had sufficient time – nearly two decades – to foster genuine browser competition and could have used this period to democratise functionalities previously exclusive to Safari. The organisation criticises Apple for a lack of transparency in its DMA compliance approach, suggesting a deliberate obfuscation strategy.
Reactions and consequences of the change
This alteration in functionality initially appeared as a bug in the second beta of iOS 17.4 but was later understood to be an intentional change. The decision is contentious, given that web apps are positioned as an alternative to the traditional App Store model. With the DMA aiming to break the App Store’s monopoly, Apple’s decision to disable web apps altogether is expected to stir controversy.
The European Union, Japan, Australia, and the UK have criticised the requirement for WebKit to power PWAs. Additionally, developers and industry figures like Spotify CEO Daniel Ek have accused Apple of malicious compliance with the DMA, particularly regarding developer fees for bypassing the App Store.
Apple has expressed regret over any negative impacts arising from this change but maintains that it was necessary for DMA compliance. The company’s handling of the DMA’s requirements remains a hotly debated issue in the technology sector.
Looking ahead: The future of web apps and browser competition
As the debate continues, the future of web apps and browser competition on Apple’s platforms remains uncertain. The tech community is closely watching Apple’s next moves, especially in light of the growing scrutiny over big tech’s adherence to regulatory requirements. The situation underscores the complex interplay between regulation, technology innovation, and market competition.
